Lichen planus is an inflammatory skin condition that can affect numerous parts of the body including the skin, the oral cavity, the nails, and the scalp. It appears like itchy, flat-top, purplish papules on the skin, and sometimes it is painful or uncomfortable, particularly in the oral cavity or genitalia. Although lichen planus is not contagious, it can be chronic and troublesome to the patient.
Causes of Lichen Planus
The exact cause for lichen planus is not known, but it is considered to be an autoimmune disease in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks normal skin or mucous membranes. Some possible triggers and contributory factors are:
- Immunologic dysfunction – The body's immune system can respond against skin and mucosal cells, producing inflammation.
- Genetic predisposition - There is a greater risk if you have a family history for lichen planus.
- Medications - Certain medications, such as for hypertension, cardiovascular disease, or for the management of arthritis, can cause a lichen planus-like response.
- Hepatitis C infection – There is an established association with lichen planus and hepatitis C, with the suggestion of a possible viral etiology.
- Allergy - Dental materials, coloring agents, or other allergens can cause some people to develop lichen planus.
Symptoms of Lichen Planus
Lichen planus varies depending on the location. Some common signs are:
- Skin lesions – Small, purple, raised bumps, often in clusters, and sometimes itchy.
- Oral lichen planus – White, lacy patches on the inside of the mouth, often with painful ulcers or sores.
- Scalp involvement – Scarring and hair loss in severe cases when the scalp is affected.
- Nail changes - Ridges, nail splitting, or nail loss.
- Genital signs and symptoms – Pain, redness, or sores on sensitive areas.
The condition can persist for several years or even many years, with periods of flare-ups and remissions. While lichen planus is harmless, it can severely disrupt comfort and quality of life.
Get Expert Dermatological Treatment Today
If you are experiencing the signs and symptoms of lichen planus, it is crucial that you see professional dermatologic care for proper diagnosis and treatment. Our experienced dermatologists in Houston provide thorough evaluations and personalized care to help you achieve healthy skin. Schedule an appointment with us today and start the journey to relief.
