Albinism is a genetic condition that affects the production of melanin, a pigment that colors hair, eyes, and skin. Albinos usually have light hair and light-colored skin and are subject to vision impairment. Albinism is prevalent all around the globe and can occur in individuals of any ethnic group. Albinism is not a disease by itself, yet individuals with albinism can be given special dermatology treatment since they are more prone to sun exposure and are more susceptible to skin conditions.
What Causes Albinism?
Albinism is caused by mutations in specific genes that are responsible for producing melanin. Albinism is caused by these mutations that disrupt the function of melanocytes, cells that produce melanin, and cause little or no development of pigment. Albinism is a genetic disorder and is passed on to offspring by parents. Albinism is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner and depends on both parents having a copy of the mutated gene for a child to be born with albinism.
There are several different forms of albinism, including:
Oculocutaneous Albinism (OCA): OCA is a condition that affects the eyes, hair, and skin and depends on severity. OCA is subdivided into a variety of different subtypes based on the specific genetic mutation.
Ocular Albinism (OA): This occurs primarily in the eyes and leads to impairment of vision while hair and skin may be normally or relatively less pigmented.
Symptoms of Albinism
The most evident characteristic of albinism is a lack of hair, skin, and eye pigmentation. However, albinism affects individuals differently. Some common symptoms are:
- Very light or white hair and complexion (though colors may vary depending on type of albinism).
- Blue eyes that are light to pinkish in hue due to less melanin in the iris.
- Vision difficulties including sensitivity to light (photophobia), unusual movements of the eyes (nystagmus), and difficulty with focusing.
- Greater sensitivity to sun exposure, with higher risks of sunburn and skin cancer.
Contact Heights Dermatology in Houston Today
Patients with albinism must be careful to protect their skin from sun exposure. At Heights Dermatology, we provide personalized solutions for patients with albinism to reduce risks and promote healthy skin.
If you or a loved one has albinism and is in need of an experienced dermatologist in Houston, schedule your appointment with Heights Dermatology today. Our compassionate team is prepared to meet your personalized skincare needs. Contact us today to learn more.
